Not every diabetic has to take insulin as part of his or her treatment plan. Those people who have been diagnosed with Type I Diabetes must take insulin each day because their body is not manufacturing the needed insulin necessary to live.How does the doctor select the type of insulin you will need? Well, the selection process takes several things into account. They include information about your body such as weight, and build. The degree of physical activity you normally have and your usual daily food intake is also considered. In addition to your current state of health, both emotional and physical the doctor will need to look at other factors like what medications you may be taking. All of these factors will play a large part in determining the correct type of insulin for you.
Often people who require insulin must take two shots a day, and careful monitoring of blood sugar levels is important to ensuring the correct amount of insulin is administered. It is not unusual for people to require more than one type of insulin to control their blood levels.
There are various types of insulin available and just as many delivery options for the diabetic today. The doctor based on the different actions of each type and its duration carefully evaluates types and delivery methods. Because not everyone responds in the same way, it may be necessary to try several types of insulin before the right one you for is determined.
All types of insulin the basically same: inclusion of sugar (glucose) in the cells. But they differ in the timing of their effect - in action entry, duration, and active profile (after how much time is to expect the strongest effect?)
The doctor will select one or more types of insulin with you depending on your treatment goals, your daily schedule, your needs and desires. Injection time, quantity and combination - sometimes with additional tablets - are set individually.
Types of Insulin
The different types of insulin are classified by how long they take to act. There is fast acting, slow acting prolonged duration or very slow acting and rapid acting or very fast acting.
The different types of insulin are classified by how long they take to act. There is fast acting, slow acting prolonged duration or very slow acting and rapid acting or very fast acting.
1. Fast insulin
With fast onset of effects and short duration of action. You are at meals or in the framework of intensified insulin therapy to correct at Überzucker uses and are therefore also "meals" or "Bolus insulin".
The fast-acting insulins include:
a.Normalinsulin (= old insulin), whose effect after use of 10 to 30 minutes, and lasts about four hours. Who squirts normal insulin at meals, must comply injection dining space under circumstances and depending on the dose of 10 to 30 minutes. After the meal must be expected with a possibly ongoing insulin action (lower sugar danger).
Examples from red list 1.1.05
Insulin B.Braun ratiopharm ® rapid U100, 3 ml (B.Braun)
Berlinsulin ® H normal U100, 3 ml (Berlin-Chemie AG)
Huminsulin ® normal 100 I.E\/ml 10 ml (Lilly)
Actfax rapid ® Penfill ® 3 ml 100 IU \/ ml (Novo Nordisk)
Insuman ® rapid 100 IU \/ ml 3 ml (sanofi-aventis)
info Tip: overview of the available insulin
b. Short-acting insulin derivatives (insulin analogues), the effects of which uses after five minutes and lasts about 2-3 hours. Due to the quickly deployed lower blood sugar, at the same time is eaten with the injection. An injection at the end of the meal is still possible (advantage, if amount of meal before eating is determined as in children). This insulin is ideally suitable for the intensive insulin therapy. The risk of hypoglycemia due to prolonged insulin effect is lower than with other insulins.
For example, (spring 2008) are available:
Liprolog ® 100 U100, 10 ml (Berlin-Chemie AG)
HUMALOG ® 100 IU \/ ml 10 ml (Lilly)
Apidra ® 100 E\/ml 10 ml (sanofi-aventis)
2.Slow insulin
With a slow onset effect but longer duration of action. This insulin bridge the time between meals and rest periods for example at night. They serve either as a Basalinsuline in an intensified insulin therapy or mixed in a conventional insulin treatment with a short-acting insulin.
The Slow insulin include:
a.Medium Slow sinsulin (Intermedia insuline) with a dose-dependent duration of 8 to 18 hours: NPH insulin. (Formerly zinc and surfing insulin available but no longer are offered in Germany were also.)
b. Long-acting Basal insuline with a duration about 24 hours. Here is dominated by synthetic insulin derivatives (Insulin analoga) with a very long and regular insulin action.
Available (in the spring of 2008):
Lantus ® 100 IU / ml 10 ml - insulin glargine (sanofi-aventis)
Levemir ® FlexPen ® 3 ml 100 I.E/ml (Novo Nordisk)
3.Combinations insuline
Are finished mixtures of different types of insulin. They contain mostly 20-30 insulin % fast-acting and long acting 80-70%. One or two of such fixed mixed insulin syringes used in conventional insulin therapy, which is easy to implement, but relatively far from the natural insulin secretion (see below).
Basics of insulin therapy
|
 | ||
| |||
| |||
You will find here an overview of accurate active profiles of insulin. | |||
Individual effect!
The time data to effective entry, effective maximum, and duration of action of insulins can be considered only as Anhalt:
• Higher dose delayed action entry, prolonged effect (less in rapid analog insulins).
•.The inclusion of injected insulin from the subcutaneous tissue fat tissue into the blood may from person to person, as well as the same person from day to day vary.
Therefore, regular monitoring of blood sugar and the collection of own experience are very important.
Conventional insulin therapy (CT)
Simple but rigidly
Principle: Fast and slow insulin are in a fixed ratio once or twice a day used.
Advantage is the ease of use.
Disadvantage is the fixed effects: diabetics with conventional insulin therapy must stay in their daily routine, in quantity and time of their meals to a fixed flow.
Intensive conventional insulin therapy (ICT)
More elaborate, but adaptable
Principle: To the main meals changing alot fast insulin is injected - depending on the blood sugar and the meal. A fixed amount slow insulin is given in the rest, for example before the night.
Advantage is the flexibility: the insulin treatment conforms the everyday conditions to.
Disadvantage is the higher cost - usually four blood glucose monitoring and syringe.
The intensive insulin therapy is standard for type 1 diabetes. Here she attained clearly better treatment results and an improved quality of life. For type 2 diabetes, this is still not clearly proven. Many experiences are however. The intensive insulin therapy often represents an advantageous alternative to conventional therapy.
Insulin: therapy strategy ICT |
• Modern therapy with flexible meals and flexible daily schedule |
 |
Today standard therapy! |
"In addition to the above common therapeutic strategies "CT" and "ICT" there are various combinations of insulin varieties, and the type 2 diabetic the possibility to combine tablets with insulin.
Experience and skilled use of tablets and insulin provide generally treatment personally tailored to your needs and specificities.The glucose control with a conventional therapy is not good to make must be used possibly on multiple insulin injections.The best setting can be achieved with intensified, conventional insulin therapy (ICT). Here are the same criteria as for adults.
With the ICT, especially the young people have the greatest freedoms to maintain their own rhythm of life and reach still good blood sugar levels.
No comments:
Post a Comment